September 28, 2017

Flu-Like Symptoms

One That PECOTA Missed

by Rob Mains

This turned out to be pretty good season for prediction systems in general and our PECOTA in particular. PECOTA thought that Boston, Cleveland, and Houston would win the American League divisions, with Los Angeles and Chicago taking the National League West and Central, respectively. It had the Mets with 86 wins, the Nationals with 85, and the Giants with 84, so we were close with our NL East champion, if missing badly on the Wild Cards.

We caught a lot of grief for suggesting that the Dodgers would win nine more games than the Cubs; the gap is currently 12. Similarly, our prediction that the Twins would have the second-best record in the American League Central was met with derision, and they’ll be playing in the postseason for the first time since 2010. All in all, a pretty good season for PECOTA.

The Mets and Giants projections, of course, were whiffs, but they’re whiffs just about everybody else had, too. And here’s another one: We projected the Padres with the worst record in the majors, at 68-94. Again, this was consistent with just about every prediction out there. And it wasn’t just algorithms like PECOTA. Human predictors were in accord. Of the 62 Baseball Prospectus staffers who participated in our pre-season predictions, all but two had the Padres last in the National League West. There was no team in the majors for which there was greater unanimity for a prediction in the cellar.

They won’t finish with the worst record in the NL West; that’ll be the Giants train wreck. Nor will they have the worst record in baseball; the Tigers, Giants, Phillies, and White Sox have already clinched a worse finish. The Mets and Reds are likely to trail the Padres, too. The Braves, A’s, Pirates, and Marlins are within reach. This is not to say that they’re a good team. Entering play Wednesday, San Diego had a 70-88 record and trailed the Dodgers by 31 games. They were 14 games out of the running for the Wild Card. They’ll get a very high pick in the next June’s amateur draft.

But this is a team that had become kind of a joke. Their owner called them “miserable failures." The GM was suspended for failing to disclose traded players’ injury histories. He strip-mined the club’s farm system, making a series of trades prior to the 2015 season that failed spectacularly. They picked up three players from the very low minors in the Rule 5 draft and kept them on the roster all year. Their Opening Day starting pitcher, Jhoulys Chacin, had been released by the Rockies after the 2015 season and had compiled exactly 0.0 WARP over the prior five seasons combined.

So the fact that the Padres were merely bad rather than execrable came as a bit of a surprise. How did they do it? Before I get to that, let me make two points. First, if you’re a Padres fan, you probably know all of this. I’m guessing most of you (like me) haven’t been paying that much attention. Second, for a great take on the club, listen to this DFA Podcast with Bryan Grosnick and R.J. Anderson. (And while you’re there, subscribe! It’s a really good podcast.)

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Austin Hedges, framer extraordinaire. Hedges put up consistently solid framing numbers in the minors, and moved into the starting role this year. He’s second in the majors with +23.8 framing runs, which combined with strong blocking and throwing, gives him 29.3 FRAA, easily the most among major-league catchers. He’s not much of a hitter, but his glove has made him the Padres’ MVP according to WARP, with 3.8.

They Got Legs. The Padres are second in the majors in BRR. They’ve been the best at advancing on grounders and among the best at advancing on fly balls and hits. Cory Spangenberg ranks eighth in the majors with 5.4 BRR to lead the way. The Padres don’t get on base a lot (last in the majors with a .299 OBP), but once they’re there, they scamper around better than almost anybody.

The New Outfielders. The Padres have five players with at least 2.0 WARP. Hedges and Spangenberg are two. Wil Myers, you probably figured him as well. The others? One, center fielder Manuel Margot, turns 23 today (happy birthday!). He is familiar to the prospects crowd; we ranked him 18th in all of baseball before this season and 14th before the 2016 season, so his .270/.321/.421 rookie season isn’t a surprise.

The other, left fielder Jose Pirela, is more out of nowhere. The 27-year-old leads the team with a .302 TAv but has been limited to 83 games, partly because he was at Triple-A El Paso until June, partly because a finger injury ended his season earlier this month. He compiled a .568 OPS over 59 major-league games spread over three seasons prior to 2017, so his .288/.347/.490 breakout—he leads the team in all three slash stats (min. 250 PA)—is a pleasant (if partially .343 BABIP-fueled) surprise.

(The third outfielder, Hunter Renfroe, has been okay—.275 TAv, 1.6 WARP—but has fallen short of Margot and Pirela.)

The All-Star. The Padres’ representative in Miami was not face-of-the-franchise Myers; it was left-handed reliever Brad Hand. Hand, whom the Padres claimed off waivers after he was designated for assignment by the Marlins last April, led the majors in appearances last year and was elevated to the closer role after Brandon Maurer was traded to the Royals in July. His 2.21 ERA is the eighth-lowest among National League relievers with at least 50 innings pitched, and it accompanies a 3.16 DRA and 3.09 FIP. He’s arbitration eligible next year, and a free agent in 2020, so it was a bit of a surprise that he wasn’t dealt at the trade deadline, but his 5.1 K/BB ratio and 32 percent whiff rate give San Diego a reliable back end of the bullpen.

No-Name Pitchers. Six Padres pitchers have generated at least 1.0 WARP. Of them, two—Dinelson Lamet and Craig Stammen—didn’t even warrant a mention in the 2017 Baseball Prospectus Annual. A third, Kirby Yates, got only a one-sentence Lineout in the 2016 Annual. (And yes, if you were wondering, Lamet received a coveted Vogelsong Award in May and Stammen got one in August.) Lamet has a 4.57 ERA and 3.77 DRA in 21 starts, striking out 139 in 114 1/3 innings. Stammen has a 3.10 ERA and 3.53 DRA while leading the team with 78 1/3 relief innings. Yates, picked up off waivers from the Angels in April, has struck out nearly 40 percent of the batters he’s faced in 54 2/3 relief innings, establishing himself as the team’s eighth-inning setup man.

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Does this mean the Padres are on the verge of contention? Well, no. They’re going to lose 90 games, more or less, this year, and they play in the same division as two, and likely three, playoff teams. They’re above average only at catching the ball (fourth in the NL at park-adjusted defensive efficiency), and they’re 13th in TAv, 10th in reliever DRA, and 14th in starter DRA. Their third-order winning percentage (based on their underlying statistics and quality of opponent) is six games worse than their actual percentage, which suggests they’ve been lucky to win as many games as they have.

But they haven’t been the worst, or the second-worst, or even top-six worst team in the game. That may be suboptimal in terms of positioning themselves for the amateur draft, but it’s a lot better than PECOTA expected.

Rob Mains is an author of Baseball Prospectus. Follow @Cran_Boy
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